Between 1960 and 1980 most of [the poorer nations] protected and promoted their infant industries.

Between 1980 and 2000 they were forced by the IMF to stop such interventions.

One survey of 160 nations suggests that:

The national income per head 

grew by 3.1% a year between 1960 and 1980 

but just 1.4% between 1980 and 2000.

Growth in sub-Saharan Africa 

fell from 36% across the first 20 years 

to minus 15% between 1980 and 1990. 

Latin American growth 

fell from 73% in the first period 

to 6% in the second

Africa's fell from 34%  to minus 23%

 (Greg Palast 8 October 2000 The Observer).